极限挑战第三季

NASA韦伯望远镜揭示了“怪物”黑洞周围的银河系合并现象_我的网站

一 |     相反，每当它发回一张令人瞠目结舌的太空图像时似乎更多的是引起一种“JWST再次出击”的感觉。

二 |     An off-duty pilot is charged with 83 counts of attempted murder after he allegedly tried to shut off the engines by pulling the fire extinguisher handles on an Alaska Airlines flight, according to officials.The plane was scheduled to fly from Everett, Washington, to San Francisco before it diverted late Sunday to Portland after a "credible security threat related to an authorized occupant in the flight deck jump seat," the airline confirmed to ABC News.The suspect allegedly tried to pull the fire extinguisher handles on the engines, preliminary information obtained by investigators indicated, according to a federal official briefed on the probe. The suspect was overwhelmed by flight crew and subdued and then handcuffed to a seat, the federal official told ABC News.The suspect, Joseph David Emerson, was taken into custody, the Port of Portland confirmed. Emerson is charged with 83 counts of attempted murder, according to the Multnomah County Sheriff's Office. He is also facing 83 counts of reckless endangerment, a misdemeanor, and one felony count of endangering an aircraft.The suspect was en route to San Francisco, where he was scheduled to be on a flight crew of a 737, the official said.Alaska Airlines said the off-duty pilot was sitting in the flight deck jump seat -- which is in the cockpit -- and "unsuccessfully attempted to disrupt the operation of the engines."The captain and first officer "quickly responded," Alaska said, adding engine power was not lost and the crew secured the aircraft without incident.There were 80 passengers and four crew members on the flight, according to Alaska.Passenger Aubrey Gavello told ABC News, "We didn't know anything was happening until the flight attendant got on the loudspeaker and made an announcement that there was an emergency situation and the plane needed to land immediately. … About 15 minutes later, she got back on and said that there was a medical emergency."Passenger Alex Wood said the pilot announced that "there was a disturbance in the cockpit."Gavello said she heard a flight attendant tell the suspect, "We're going to be fine, it's OK, we'll get you off the plane.""So I really thought it was a serious medical emergency," she said.Wood added, "It was very professional, handled very calmly, and we didn't really know what was going on until we landed."Once the plane landed, Wood said police went to the back of the plane and escorted a handcuffed man off the plane. He noted that the suspect "was wearing a lanyard, a sweater. Looked like an airline employee."Gavello said, "After we did land and the gentleman was escorted off, the flight attendant got back on the speaker and said, plain and simple, 'He had a mental breakdown. We needed to get him off the plane immediately.'"The Federal Aviation Administration said in a statement to carriers that the incident is "not connected in any way shape or form to current world events."The event is being investigated by law enforcement, the airline said. The FBI confirmed it is looking into the incident and "can assure the traveling public there is no continuing threat related to this incident."Secretary of Transportation Pete Buttigieg said in a statement, "I am grateful for the professional flight crew and air traffic controllers who stepped up to guide this plane safely to Portland. FAA supports law enforcement in their response and will be focused on any safety considerations for the future that emerge from investigations."The pilots union Air Line Pilots Association, International in a statement praised the pilots and crew who safely landed the plane and said it's fully cooperating with authorities.The union added, "The airline pilot profession in North America is one of the most highly vetted and scrutinized careers, and for good reason. For decades, the United States has pioneered a proactive approach to improving aviation safety and maintaining a healthy work environment for pilots. In addition, U.S. pilots are continuously evaluated throughout their careers through training, medical exams, crew resource management, and programs such as the Line Operations Safety Audit, as well as by the airline and during random flight checks by the Federal Aviation Administration."。

三 | 然而每一次，人们的下巴又掉下来。不管怎么说，“惊喜”又回来了--达到了一个相当极端的程度。当地时间周四，科学家们展示了JWST带来的壮观景象：一个星系团围绕着一个巨大的黑洞合并，黑洞里有一个罕见的类星体--也就是一个从虚空的混乱中心喷出的难以理解的明亮光柱。来自约翰-霍普金斯大学的天文学家、即将发表在《Astrophysical Journal》上的关于该场景的研究报告的共同作者Andrey Vayner在一份声明中说道：“我们认为这些系统中即将发生一些戏剧性的事情。现在，你可以在arXiv上发表的一篇论文中查看这一发现的详细概要。”关于这幅画像，特别吸引人的是，这个类星体被认为是一个“极红”类星体，这意味着它离地球超级遥远，因此在物理上扎根于一个原始的空间区域，属于时间的起点附近。从本质上讲，由于光在空间中的传播需要时间，所以到达人们眼睛和机器的每一股宇宙光都是在很久以前看到的。即使是月光也需要约1.3秒才能到达地球，所以当人们抬头看月亮的时候，实际上看到的是1.3秒以前的月亮。更具体地说，对于这个类星体，科学家们认为这个天体的光需要约115亿年才能到达地球，这意味着人们看到的是它在115亿年前的样子。据研究小组称，这也使得它成为从如此巨大的距离（115亿光年之外）观察到的最强大的同类天体之一。Vayner在谈到这个类星体所处的领域时说道：“这个星系正处于它一生中最完美的时刻，它即将发生转变，在几十亿年后看起来完全不同。”分析一个银河系的稀有性在Vayner和研究人员提供的彩色图片中，我们可以看到好几样东西。左边是哈勃太空望远镜对该团队所研究的区域的观察，中间是JWST锁定的点的放大版。

四 | 看一下这张图片的最右边，那里有四个单独的彩色编码框。比如红色的东西正在远离我们，而蓝色的东西正在向我们移动。这种分类向我们展示了参与壮观合并的每个星系的行为方式--包括拥有极端黑洞和伴随的红色类星体的星系，事实上，这也是该团队预计用NASA价值数十亿美元的仪器发现的唯一一个类星体。

五 | “你在这里看到的只是数据集中的一小部分内容，”约翰霍普金斯大学天体物理学家和该研究的共同作者Nadia L. Zakamska在一份声明中说道，“这里发生的事情实在是太多了，所以我们首先强调了真正最大的惊喜。

六 | 这里的每一个圆球都是一个婴儿星系合并到这个母亲星系中，颜色是不同的速度，整个东西在以极其复杂的方式运动。”Zakamska说，现在，该团队将开始解开这些运动并在更大程度上增强视野。

七 | 不过，我们所看到的信息已经远远超过了该团队一开始的预期。哈勃和双子座北方望远镜之前显示了一个过渡星系的可能性，但绝对没有暗示可以通过JWST可怕的红外设备看到的星群。Zakamska说道：“通过以前的图像，我们认为我们看到了暗示，这个星系可能在合并的道路上跟其他星系相互作用，因为它们的形状在这个过程中被扭曲了。但在我们得到韦伯的数据之后，我就想，‘我不知道我们在这里看什么，这些东西是什么！'。我们花了几个星期的时间，只是盯着这些图像看了又看。”该团队表示，不久之后，很明显，JWST向我们展示了至少三个独立的星系，其移动速度快得令人难以置信。他们甚至认为这可能标志着早期宇宙中最密集的已知星系形成区域之一。这个复杂的图像的一切都令人着迷。我们有被Zakamaska称为“怪物”的黑洞，有从该黑洞中喷出的极为罕见的光束，还有一群处于碰撞过程中的星系--所有这些都是数十亿年前的景象。

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